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Employment Contract Matching: An Analysis of Dual Earner Couples and Working Households

We explore the significance of intra-couple and intra -household influences on three broad types of employment contracts: self-employment, performance related pay, and salaried employment. Individuals may pool income risk with their partners by holding a diversified portfolio of employment contracts, introducing intra-household risk pooling. Alternatively, employment contract matching may occur whereby individuals within couples or households are employed under similar contracts. Our empirical analysis, based on cross-section data drawn from the British Family Expenditure Surveys 1996 to 2000, provides evidence of employment contract matching both within dual earner couples and, to a lesser extent, in the context of working household members.Dual Earner Couples; Employment Contract Matching; Self-employment; Assortative Mating

Investigations into the Synthesis and Transformations of an Epoxy β-Lactone

In connection with the continuing interests in the stereoselective rearrangements of β-lactones, an investigation of the synthesis and transformations of the epoxy β-lactone 4-(1,2-epoxypentyl)-3-trimethylsilyloxetan-2-one was undertaken. Two synthetic strategies to the desired epoxy β-lactone were studied. The first route was a two-step reaction sequence involving the aldol reaction of trimethylsilylacetic acid with (2R,3S)-epoxyhexanal, followed by lactonization of the resulting β-hydroxy acid with benzenesulfonyl chloride. Complications in preparing the requisite β-hydroxy acids under typical aldol reaction conditions rendered this route unworkable. The complexity and intractability of the aldol reaction mixtures was attributed to the multiple possibilities of intermolecular reactivity between trimethylsilylacetic acid dianion and (2S,3S)-epoxyhexanal, in addition to intramolecular transformations of the highly functionalized aldol adduct. The second synthetic route investigated was based on the [2+2] cycloaddition reaction between trimethylsilylketene and (2R,3S)-epoxyhexanal. No direct evidence supporting the formation of epoxy β-lactone was found; however, the formation of the 5-(1-O-trimethylsilylpropyl)-2-(5H)-furanone suggests that the desired epoxy β-lactone was formed but was unstable under the [2+2] reaction conditions. Literature precedence supports this contention, and a thorough literature investigation was conducted with the purpose of elucidating possible transformations of the epoxy β-lactone

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